台灣珍古德協會 Jane Goodall Institute Taiwan國際珍古德教育及保育協會 台灣珍古德協會 Jane Goodall Institute Taiwan Logo

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© JGI/Hugo van Lawick

認識 珍古德博士

1934

珍古德博士
出生於英國倫敦。

珍古德博士於1934年4月3日出生於英國倫敦。從小她就喜愛動物,常常在後院靜靜地觀察鳥兒和松鼠直到天黑。她也閱讀泰山和杜立德醫生的故事,夢想著與動物一起生活的日子。

Valerie Jane Morris-Goodall was born on April 3, 1934, in London. From earliest childhood, Jane’s mother encouraged her fascination with animals. Young Jane immersed herself in books about wild animals and dreamed of a life alongside African wildlife like Tarzan and Dr. Dolittle.

與路易斯·李基博士的相遇

懷著對動物的無盡好奇心,珍於1957年前往肯亞拜訪朋友,在那裡遇見了人類學權威路易斯·李基博士。當時,李基博士正在研究人類祖先,並尋找能夠進行類人猿實地調查的人才。

李基博士看出珍對動物的熱情和知識,以及她敏銳的觀察力和堅韌的耐心,於是籌集了六個月的研究資金,派遣珍前往非洲研究野生黑猩猩的棲息地。

Jane’s Mentor Dr. Louis Leakey

In 1957, Jane eagerly accepted a schoolmate’s invitation to the family farm in Kenya. Within a few months of arriving, she met the famed paleoanthropologist, Dr. Louis Leakey. Dr. Leakey was searching for the right person to study fellow great apes, particularly chimpanzees. This was not only to better understand these little-known primates, but also to gain insight into the evolutionary past of humans, as chimpanzees and humans share a (most recent) common ancestor some 6 million years ago. He was drawn to Jane’s persistent desire to understand animals and believed that a mind uncluttered by the reductionist thinking of ethologists of the time would yield a fresh perspective.

© JGI/Courtesy of the Goodall Family

© JGI/Courtesy of the Goodall Family

© JGI/Joan Travis

© JGI/Judy Goodall

1960

前往東非坦尚尼亞湖畔:
岡貝國家公園。

就這樣,珍於1960年7月抵達了東非坦尚尼亞湖畔的岡貝地區。

所有人都對珍說:「一個沒有經驗也沒有學位的26歲女性,不可能在非洲深處的叢林中進行研究調查。」然而,從小就培養珍好奇心的母親范妮(Vanne),打破了這種刻板印象,不斷支持著她的夢想。

In July 1960, Jane arrived on the shores of Lake Tanganyika in what is now Gombe National Park, Tanzania, East Africa. Everybody said, “How will you do that? You don’t have money. Africa’s far away. It’s a dangerous place and anyway you’re just a girl. Girls don’t do that sort of thing.”, except her mother, who encouraged Jane’s dream.

實地研究的開始

珍剛開始研究時,黑猩猩一看到她就立即逃跑,甚至無法接近牠們。但珍從不放棄,每天爬上山頂,用望遠鏡靜靜地持續觀察黑猩猩。

隨著與黑猩猩之間的距離逐漸縮短,她開始掌握牠們的特徵並能夠辨認出牠們的臉,因此珍為每一隻黑猩猩取了名字。雖然現在的實地研究中為研究對象命名已成主流,但當時這種方法被認為是非常突破傳統的。這是因為研究者們通常用編號稱呼研究對象,認為只有人類才具有個性和情感。

在珍早期發表的論文中,她被指責過度擬人化黑猩猩。當然,我們需要注意不要混淆事實與研究者的主觀解釋,但正是因為珍關注黑猩猩「心靈」的深度,才產生了各種研究成果。

Jane Arrives in Gombe

Equipped with little more than binoculars, a notebook and her fascination with wildlife, Jane ventured into what was then called the Gombe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve – embarking on a journey that would redefine the relationship between humans and other animals and ultimately help shape the burgeoning strategies of world conservation into the 21st century.

She took an unorthodox approach, immersing herself in the chimpanzee’s habitat. After months of trying to gain their trust, she was able to experience their complex society as a neighbor, rather than a distant observer. She then further defied scientific convention by giving them names instead of numbers. She came to understand them not only as a species, but as individuals with personalities, complex minds, emotions, and long-term bonds.

© Hugo van Lawick

© Hugo van Lawick

© JGI/Hugo van Lawick

© JGI/Jane Goodall

震撼科學界的重大發現

1960年10月,珍與她命名為「白鬍子大衛」的黑猩猩之間的故事,是她職業生涯中不可或缺的代表性成就之一。當時的科學界認為,製造和使用工具是區分人類與動物的關鍵。然而,珍目睹大衛將去除葉子的樹枝插入蟻丘中,釣起白蟻進食的景象。「我們要麼重新定義人類和工具,要麼接受黑猩猩是人類!」李基博士的這句話說明了這一發現對科學界的震撼程度。這一發現使國家地理學會成為研究贊助商,並使研究得以持續進行。

Revolutionizing Primatology

One day, in October 1960, she saw the chimpanzee she named David Greybeard use grass stems to fashion tools for fishing termites from their nest. Up until that revelatory moment, mainstream scientists thought humans were the only species to make and use tools, having defined us as “Man the Toolmaker.” Her insights rocked the scientific world, prompting Dr. Leakey to proclaim, “Now we must redefine man, redefine tool, or accept chimpanzees as humans!” Her published findings on the tool-making practices of chimpanzees remain one of the most highly regarded observations in the world of animal behavior research.

三十二歲首次獲得學位

在岡貝的最初幾年,珍發現了幾種改變我們對黑猩猩認識的行為。黑猩猩具有同情心和利他主義精神,會獵食並食用肉類(雖肉類在飲食中的佔比不到3%),會進行原始戰爭,家庭成員(特別是母子)之間有著深厚的情感紐帶。

1961年,珍以博士候選人身份進入劍橋大學,成為未完成碩士課程就被允許入學的第八位學生。她在繼續岡貝研究的同時,於1966年獲得了動物行為學博士學位。她開創的黑猩猩研究至今仍被許多研究者繼承,成為關於非人類動物最長久的研究。

Ph.D. in Ethology

During her first years at Gombe, she also observed several other behaviors that transformed our understanding of chimpanzees. This included that they 1) Can be compassionate and altruistic, 2) Will hunt and eat meat (though it is less than 3% of their diet), 3) Can engage in “primitive warfare,” and 4) Have lasting bonds between family members (all species have strong mother-infant bonds). In 1961, Jane entered Cambridge University as a Ph.D. candidate, only the 8th person to be admitted without an undergraduate degree. She repeatedly returned to Gombe to continue her observations throughout her time at Cambridge, before earning her Ph.D. in Ethology (animal behavior) in 1966 and continued her research in Gombe.

© Hugo van Lawick

© Kristin J. Mosher

1977

珍古德協會
的創立。

在確保岡貝溪流研究中心的研究可持續性的同時,珍的調查研究擴展到保護黑猩猩和其他動物棲息的森林活動,並於1977年創立了珍古德協會(Jane Goodall Institute)。

目睹地球環境惡化,並遇到因此而失去希望的孩子們後,珍於1991年創立了青少年環保計劃「根與芽(ROOTS & SHOOTS)」。為了阻止貧困、教育問題與環境破壞之間的惡性循環,她在1994年創立了非洲第一個社區主導型環保計劃「塔卡里(TACARE)」。如今,根與芽計劃已遍布全球,每年有超過一百萬兒童參與其中。而從12個村莊開始的塔卡里計劃,現已在100多個村莊實施,不僅改善了當地居民的生活,也使許多森林得到恢復,過去的努力已結出碩果。由於其無私奉獻的活動,珍於2002年被任命為聯合國和平大使。

深入瞭解 JGI

In 1977, Jane established the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI) to advance her vision around the world and for generations to come. JGI continues essential research at Gombe Stream Research Center and is a global leader in the effort to protect chimpanzees and their habitats through community-led conservation.

The organization also advances best practices in animal welfare, innovative applications of science and technology, and youth empowerment through its Roots & Shoots program, created in 1991. In 1994, JGI launched TACARE, a program supporting locally managed education and socio-economic development together with sustainable natural resource management. In April 2002, Secretary General Kofi Annan named Jane a United Nations Messenger of Peace.

about JGI

© Michael Neugebauer

© JGI/Fernando Turmo

© Michael Neugebauer

© JGI/Fernando Turmo

© Michael Neugebauer

今日

作為希望的使者
持續不斷前行。

在新冠疫情爆發前,珍每年花費300天在世界各地進行演講活動,呼籲人們應對氣候變化,並播下促使行動的希望種子。即使在全球封鎖期間,她以「虛擬珍」(Virtual Jane)為題,每天透過遠程方式與世界各地保持聯繫,接受演講和採訪邀請,並通過播客傳遞感人故事。如今,隨著國境重新開放,這位希望的傳道者依然在世界各地忙碌奔波。

「我們必須尊重人類、動物和自然,不分彼此。」

珍古德協會希望與所有認同珍古德博士理念的人一起,作為這個美麗地球的居民,共同推廣我們的活動。

加入 JGI

Prior to the Pandemic, Jane traveled on average 300 days per year, speaking about the threats facing chimpanzees, other environmental crises, and her reasons for hope. Today, Jane continues to connect with worldwide audiences, despite present challenges, through ‘Virtual Jane’ including remote lectures, recordings, and her podcast, the “Jane Goodall Hopecast.” She shares her message of hope and inspires people worldwide to take action on behalf of people, other animals, and the planet every single day…

“Respect for each other. Respect for the environment. Respect for Animals.”

Jane gave us this vision and started this work. The rest is up to us. Together, with everybody making a difference, we can change the world.

join JGI

© JGI/Mary Paris

© Stuart Clarke

© JGI/Bill Wallauer

© JGI/Bill Wallauer

獲獎與榮譽

1963 富蘭克林·巴爾獎(國家地理學會)/ 1980 金方舟勳章(野生動物保護活動獎)/ 1987 阿爾伯特·史懷哲獎 / 1990 京都獎(稻盛財團)/ 1995 哈伯德獎章(國家地理學會)/ 2001 甘地·金恩獎 / 2002 被聯合國秘書長科菲·安南任命為和平大使 / 2002 被英國女王伊麗莎白二世授予大英帝國勳位 / 2003 傑明·富蘭克林獎章 / 2003 西班牙王子獎(科學技術部門)/ 2017 國際宇宙獎(國際花卉與綠色博覽會紀念協會)/ 2020 唐獎–永續發展獎 / 2021 年度鄧普頓獎 / 2024 總統自由勳章

Awards and Honors

1963 Franklin Barr Award (National Geographic Society) / 1980 Golden Ark Medal (Honor for Wildlife Conservation) / 1987 Albert Schweitzer Award / 1990 Kyoto Prize (Inamori Foundation) / 1995 Hubbard Medal Award (National Geographic Society) / 2001 Gandhi King Award / 2002 Appointed Ambassador for Peace by UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan / 2002 DBE (Order of the British Empire) by Queen Elizabeth II / 2003 Benjamin Franklin Medal Prize / 2003 Prince of Spain Prize (Science and Technology) / 2017 International Cosmos Prize (Commemorative Association for the International Garden and Greenery Exposition) / 2020 Tang Prize in Sustainable Development/ 2021 Templeton Prize/ 2024 Presidential Medal of Freedom

授予榮譽博士學位的大學

荷蘭烏特勒支大學 / 德國慕尼黑路德維希-馬克西米利安大學 / 蘇格蘭斯特靈大學 / 台灣靜宜大學 / 加拿大圭爾夫-萊爾森大學 / 美國布法羅大學,塔夫茨大學 / 京都大學

Honorary Doctorates

Utrecht University, The Netherlands / Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany / Stirling University, Scotland / Providence University, Taiwan / Guelph-Ryerson University, Canada / University at Buffalo, Tufts University, USA / Kyoto University

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